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Before the advent of photography, if you wanted a picture of something or someone, you had to draw it yourself -- or hire someone to do it for you. Artists (at least the good ones) could make a good living painting portraits, cityscapes, scenes of commoners, or still lifes; and also preserving for us the particulars of their lives, the styles of their clothes and houses and the details of their world. Here are some whose works have lived beyond their lifetimes.
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Tethart Philipp Christian Haag

borndied
17371812
a Dutch artist. He was born at Kassel in Germany. He is known for his portraits of the family of William V, Prince of Orange, particularly that of his wife Wilhelmina of Prussia, which hangs in the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. He died in The Hague.
Links (1)


Adriana Johanna Haanen

borndied
18141895
a Dutch painter, known for her paintings of fruit and flowers. Born in Oosterhout. She was the daughter of the papercutter Casparis Haanen and the sister of the painters George Gillis Haanen, Elisabeth Alida Haanen, and Remigius Adrianus Haanen. Died in Oosterbeek.
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Remigius Adrianus Haanen

borndied
18121894
a 19th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands. He was the son of the papercutter Casparis Haanen and was the brother of the painters George Gillis Haanen, Elisabeth Alida Haanen and Adriana Johanna Haanen. After learning his trade from his father and at the Academy of Utrecht, he moved in 1837 from the Netherlands to Austria, where he was active in Vi...
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Jan Hackaert

borndied
16281685
a Dutch Golden Age painter. He travelled in Germany and Switzerland, and painted and sketched mostly landscapes. He would sketch miners at work in the mountains, and on more than one occasion this caused him trouble because the workers couldn't understand what he was doing. They felt he was either a spy or hexing them and made a complaint. Because Italianate...
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Jacob Philipp Hackert

borndied
1737, Sep 151807, Apr 28
a landscape painter from Brandenburg, who did most of his work in Italy. He travelled all over Italy, gaining a reputation as a talented landscape painter. He became famous everywhere in Europe due to his works for Catherine the Great, the cycle of painti...
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Carlos de Haes

borndied
18291898
a Spanish painter from Belgium. He was noted for the Realism in his landscapes, and was considered to be the "first contemporary Spanish artist able to capture something of a particularly Spanish 'essence' in his work". He was cited along with Jenaro Perez Villaamil and Aureliano de Beruete as one of the three Spanish grand masters of landscape painting, the...
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Josef Anton Hafner

borndied
unknownunknown
a German painter. He was born and died in Türkheim, Bavaria, present-day Germany. As well-trained painter he had a keen sense of brilliant color and dynamic gestures of the figures. But his larger compositions exhibit volatilities in construction and design, which do not relate to employees or agents. Josef Anton Hafner is one of his paintings rather at the...
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Fromental Halevy

aka: Halévy
borndied
17991862
a French composer. He is known today largely for his opera La Juive. Halévy was elected to the Institut de France in 1836, but after La Juive,his real successes were relatively few, although at least three operas, L'éclair, La reine de Chypre and Charles VI received some critical and popular acclaim.
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Adelaide Victoire Hall

aka: Adélaïde
borndied
17721844
a Swedish-French artist and noble (marquise). Her self-portrait in oil was shown to the Royal Academy of Arts in Stockholm in 1791. She was furthermore represented with her work at the art exhibitions of the academy in 1792 and 1793. She was also a miniaturist and painted on wood and porcelain cups.
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Peter Adolf Hall

aka: PA Hall, Peter Adolphe Hall
borndied
1739, Feb 231793, May 15
a Swedish-French artist who mainly devoted himself to miniature painting. In May 1766 Hall began to work as an artist in Paris. Three years later, at the age of 30, he was elected to the French Academy of Fine Arts. He painted portraits of the Dauphin of France, the prospective Louis XVI, as of his two brothers, who also would ascend the throne eventually, a...
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Gilles Hallet

aka: Gilles Alé
borndied
16201694
a Flemish painter, worked in the latter half of the 17th century, and was distinguished for the purity of his style, according to the principles of the Roman school. According to the RKD he was the son of Jean Hallet who married the sister of Walther Damery. He studied under this uncle, along with his other uncle Jacques Damery. He travelled to Rome where he...
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Anthonie Hals

borndied
1621, Oct 191691, Jan 25
a Dutch Golden Age painter from the Northern Netherlands and the son of Dirck Hals. He was born in Haarlem and was first taught by his father. He moved to Amsterdam in 1652 and married there in 1654 with his cousin Reynier Hals as his witness. He is known for portraits and genre works.
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Dirck Hals

aka: Dirck Francoisz
borndied
15911656
a Dutch painter of festivals and ballroom scenes. He was influenced by his elder brother Frans Hals. He specialized in small paintings of "conversation pieces" or "merry companies" (Dutch: Gezelschapjes). He worked in Leiden in 1641 and 1648, and was an influence on the painters Nathaniel Bacon, Johann Hulsman, and Willem Cornelisz Duyster. His son Anthonie ...
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Frans Hals

bornactivedied
15431598-16161628
a Dutch Golden Age portrait painter who lived and worked in Haarlem. He is notable for his loose painterly brushwork, and he helped introduce this lively style of painting into Dutch art. Hals played an important role in the evolution of 17th-century group portraiture.
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Johann Georg de Hamilton

bornactivedied
16721689-1718+1737, Jan 3
an 18th-century painter from the Southern Netherlands active in Austria. Born in Brussels, learned to paint from his father. In 1689 he became court painter in Vienna. He moved to Berlin for awhile, but after 1718 he was back in Vienna where he lived until his death.
Timeline (1)Links (3)Gallery (1)


Christian Gottlob Hammer

borndied
unknownunknown
an influential German landscape painter and engraver. Hammer's works are extensive: including his own designs in sepia, watercolor, and opaque colors, and also copper etchings from his own drafts and those of other artists. His works consist primarily of landscapes and city views, particularly in Saxony and his home town of Dresden, and the vicinity.
Links (1)


Adriaen Hanneman

borndied
1603/041671
a Dutch Golden Age painter best-known today for his portraits of the exiled British royal court. His style was strongly influenced by his contemporary, Anthony van Dyck.
Links (1)


Jobst Harrich

borndied
1579, Sep1617, Apr
a German painter best known as a copyist of Albrecht Dürer, born and died in Nuremberg. Although his birth and death dates are unrecorded, he was baptized on 30 September 1579, and buried on 11 April 1617. Not much else is known of his life.
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James McDougal Hart

borndied
18281901
a Scottish-born American landscape and cattle painter of the Hudson River School. His older brother, William Hart, was also a Hudson River School artist, and the two painted similar subjects.
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William Hart

borndied
1823, Mar 311894, Jun 17
a Scottish-born American landscape and cattle painter, and Hudson River School artist. His younger brother, James McDougal Hart, was also a Hudson River School artist, and the two painted similar subjects. He studied under Jules-Joseph Lefebvre.
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Warner Hassells

bornactivedied
unknown1680-1710unknown
a portrait painter. Hassells resided in London but was probably a native of Germany. He belonged to the school of Sir Godfrey Kneller, who painted his portrait in 1700. Hassells is known by a few portraits which have been engraved, including those of C. F. Fels (1690) and J. Witt (1701), a Frankfurt merchant, both in mezzotint by J. Smith, and an anonymous p...
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Elias Gottlob Haussmann

borndied
unknownunknown
a German painter in the late Baroque era. Haussmann served as court painter at Dresden, and from 1720 as the official portraitist at Leipzig. He is mostly known for his portrait of Johann Sebastian Bach which was painted in 1746.
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Benjamin Haydon

borndied
17861846
an English painter who specialised in grand historical pictures, although he also painted a few contemporary subjects and portraits. His commercial success was damaged by his often tactless dealings with patrons, and by the enormous scale on which he preferred to work. He was troubled by financial problems throughout his life, which led to several periods of...
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Corneille de la Haye

aka: Corneille de Lyon
borndied
15051575
a Dutch painter of portraits who was active from 1533 until his death in Lyon, France. In France and the Netherlands he is still known as Corneille de La Haye after his birthplace, The Hague.
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Francesco Hayez

borndied
17911882
an Italian painter, the leading artist of Romanticism in mid-19th-century Milan, renowned for his grand historical paintings, political allegories and exceptionally fine portraits.
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Francis Hayman

bornactivedied
17081730s-1760s1776
an English painter and illustrator who became one of the founding members of the Royal Academy in 1768, and later its first librarian. Born in Exeter, Devon, Hayman begun his artistic career as a scene painter in London's Drury Lane theatre (where he also appeared in minor roles) before establishing a studio in St Martin's Lane.
Links (9)


George Hayter

borndied
17921871
a notable English painter, specialising in portraits and large works involving in some cases several hundred individual portraits. Queen Victoria appreciated his merits and appointed Hayter her Principal Painter in Ordinary and also awarded him a Knighthood 1841.
Links (1)


Martin Johnson Heade

borndied
18191904
a prolific American painter known for his salt marsh landscapes, seascapes, and depictions of tropical birds (such as hummingbirds), as well as lotus blossoms and other still lifes. His painting style and subject matter, while derived from the romanticism of the time, are regarded by art historians as a significant departure from those of his peers.
Links (1)


George Peter Alexander Healy

borndied
18131894
an American portrait painter. He was one of the most prolific and popular painters of his day, and his sitters included many of the eminent personages of his time.
Links (1)


Claes Dirckz van der Heck

borndied
1595 ca1649
a Dutch Golden Age landscape painter. According to the RKD he became a member of the Alkmaar Guild of Saint Luke in 1635, after his cousin Claes Jacobsz van der Heck helped set it up in 1632. He was the father of the painter Marten Heemskerk van der Hek, who he named after his famous great-uncle, Maarten van Heemskerck.
Links (1)


Claes Jacobsz van der Heck

borndied
1578 ca1652
a Dutch Golden Age painter. According to Karel van Mander he was a good painter, disciple of Jan Nagel, related to Maarten van Heemskerck, and specialized in landscapes. According to Houbraken who mentions that he was listed on the last page of the Schilder-b...
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Marten Heemskerck van der Heck

borndied
16201660
a Dutch Golden Age painter. According to Houbraken he was the son of Nicolaes van der Heck, and the nephew of Maerten van Heemskerck, after whom he was named. He became a member of the Alkmaar Guild of St. Luke in 1653 and became regent the next year. He was specialized in painting ruins in the manner of Roelant Roghman, and painted the ruins of Egmond Castl...
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Jan van den Hecke

borndied
16201684
a Flemish Baroque painter, draughtsman, printmaker and engraver mainly known for his still lifes, landscapes and battle scenes. He was a versatile artist working in many genres and techniques. He travelled to Italy where he resided in Rome but the exact dates of his trip are unclear. Alternative dates proposed are from 1644 to 1659 and 1653 to 1658. He may a...
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Augustin Heckel

borndied
16901770, Aug 20
a painter, watch case engraver and draughtsman and also a flower painter in watercolours and gouache. Heckel was born to a family of goldsmiths in Augsburg, Germany. His career was in England, where he came as a young man. He died on 20 August 1770 in Richmond, Surrey (now in London), where he had retired in 1746.
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Abraham van den Hecken

borndied
1610 ca1655+
a Dutch Golden Age painter of genre pieces, religious and historical scenes, portraits and still lifes. His son Abraham II van den Hecken was also an artist.
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Gerret Willemsz Heda

borndied
1625 ca1649
a Dutch Golden Age painter. According to the RKD he was the son and pupil of Willem Claesz Heda and is known for fruit still lifes and vanitas paintings. He influenced the still life painter Jan Jansz. Treck.
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Willem Claesz Heda

borndied
15941680
a Dutch Golden Age artist from the city of Haarlem devoted exclusively to the painting of still lifes. He is known for his innovation of the late breakfast genre of still life painting.
Links (1)


Jan Jansz de Heem

aka: Jan Janszoon de Heem
borndied
16501695
a Dutch Golden Age still-life painter and the son of Jan Davidszoon de Heem (1606–1684) and the half-brother of Cornelis de Heem (1631–1995). This family of still-life specialists, of which father Jan Davidszoon de Heem is the most significant, had a strong impact on the genre throughout the north and south Netherlands.
Links (1)


Egbert van Heemskerck

borndied
16341704
a Haarlem Dutch Golden Age painter of genre works who died in London in 1704. He is often confused with another genre painter also called Egbert van Heemskerck who lived c.?1676 – 1744.
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Maarten van Heemskerck

borndied
14981574
a Dutch portrait and religious painter, who spent most of his career in Haarlem. He was a pupil of Jan van Scorel, and adopted his teacher's Italian-influenced style. He spent the years 1532–6 in Italy. He produced many designs for engravers, and is especiall...
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Lucas de Heere

borndied
15341584
a Flemish portrait painter, poet and writer. He was very popular during his career and became immensely rich. His portrait of Katheryn of Berain is held by the National Museum Cardiff. He painted a head of Philip II from the life in 1553, as a letter of Cardinal Granvelle documents; this is presumed to be the painting now in the Prado.
Links (1)


Daniel van Heil

aka: Daniël
borndied
16041662
a Flemish Baroque painter who specialized in landscapes with winter scenes or burning fires. He was the brother of Jan Baptist van Heil and Leo van Heil, and the father of Theodore van Heil.
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Theodoor van Heil

aka: Theodore van Heil
borndied
16351691
a Flemish Baroque painter. According to the RKD he was the son of Daniel van Heil. He signed his works with the monogram "TVH" and is known for landscapes in the manner of his father. He became a master of the Brussels Guild of St. Luke in 1668.
Links (1)


Wolfgang Heimbach

borndied
unknownunknown
a North German Baroque painter, mostly active in the Seventeenth Century Denmark. Heimbach was from Oldenburg and studied in Germany and the Low Countries. He was deaf-mute but compensated by being able to read and write several languages. As court painter, he was temporarily in the services of Anton Günter, Count of Oldenburg but remained in the years 1640...
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Christopher Elias Heiss

borndied
unknownunknown
a German painter from Memmingen, Swabia. Born in 1660 (although many books sources claim 1670 or even 1760), he painted portraits well, he was mostly distinguished by his mezzotintos, which he executed on an uncommonly large scale, some of his plates being three feet high and two feet wide.
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Dirk Helmbreker

aka: Dirck Helmbreker
borndied
16331696
a Dutch Golden Age painter of Italianate landscapes. His genre scenes, which were among the last generation of the Bamboccianti, tended to be more classical in inspiration than many their earlier low-life scenes. Ultimately, these works found great success with Italian collectors.
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Cross-listed in Writers

Amalia von Helvig

borndied
1776, Aug 161831, Sep 17
a German and Swedish artist, writer, translator, socialite, Salonist and culture personality. She is known as an inspiration for many artists. She was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts. She was given a good artistic education and was encouraged by more
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Caterina van Hemessen

aka: Catharina
borndied
15281587
a Flemish Renaissance painter. She is the earliest female Flemish painter for whom there is verifiable extant work. She is mainly known for a series of small scale female portraits completed between the late 1540s and early 1550s and a few religious compositions.
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Jan van Hemessen

borndied
15001575
a Flemish Renaissance painter. He played an important role in the development of genre painting, through his large scenes with religious or worldly subjects, which focused on human failings such as greed and vanity. He also painted portraits.
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Daniel Hendrickson

borndied
1723, Feb 51788, Jan 21
Although nothing is known about Hendrickson's secular education, he received catechismal instruction under the direction of the pastor of the Dutch Reformed Church. Hendrickson's primary occupation was that of a farmer, and, like his father, he amassed a large amount of property. About his art Schenck wrote: "He had an unusual genius for painting as without...
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Wybrand Hendriks

borndied
17441831
a Dutch painter and the concierge of the Teylers Museum. He is known for portraits, landscapes, and copies after older masters, such as flower still lifes in the manner of Jan van Huysum. Hendriks created several paintings in and around the Teylers Museum. His paintings of the inner garden of the Foundation House and the Oval Room seem to have been created w...
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Joannes Hermans

aka: Monsú Aurora
borndied
1630 ca1677 ca
a Flemish painter of animals and still lifes of game, fruit and flowers who worked in Italy and Antwerp where he contributed to the development of the still life genre.
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Johanna Helena Herolt

borndied
unknownunknown
an 18th-century painter from Germany. A numbered series of 49 drawings signed by Herolt on vellum are in the collection of the Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum, in Brunswick. This series was possibly commissioned by the Mennonite botanist and collector Agnes Block. Other drawings by Herolt are in the British Museum.
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Willem van Herp

borndied
16131677
a Flemish Baroque painter specializing in religious paintings and small cabinet paintings of "low-life" genre scenes. Van Herp painted mainly genre scenes and religious compositions. It is not possible to discern a development in his style since he only dated a few of his pictures. His style is characterised by its somewhat mannered way of drawing and the ex...
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David Herregouts

borndied
16031663
a history painter born in Mechelen in 1603 as the son of Sebastian Herregouts and Elisabeth De Gorter, daughter from a brewing family. He married Cecile Geniets from a butcher's family. He was a pupil of his cousin Salmier and a member of the Guild of St. Luke in his own city in 1624. In 1646 he moved to Roermond, where in 1647 he was received a member of th...
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Hendrik Herregouts

borndied
16331704
a Flemish history and portrait painter and draughtsman with an international career spanning Italy, Germany and his native Flanders. Hendrik Herregouts was highly regarded in his time and he received many commissions for altarpieces and religious works in Flanders and abroad. He was also known as a portrait painter. The majority of his works can be found in ...
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Jan Baptist Herregouts

borndied
1646 ca1721, Nov 25
a Flemish portrait and history painter, etcher and brewer mainly active in Bruges. Jan Baptist is mainly known for his many altar pieces and religious works that he produced for the churches of Bruges. He also produced a number of portraits although there are some doubts about the authorship of some of the portraits attributed to him, in particular his self-...
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Maximilian Herregouts

bornactivedied
unknown1670sunknown
a Flemish painter. Little is known about Maximilian Herregouts other than two works, one entitled Kitchen, in which a woman is busy baking pancakes (1674) and a second entitled Eliezer and Rebecca at the well.
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Willem Herregouts

borndied
16401711
a history painter who emigrated to Amiens in France where he was known inter alia as Guillaume Herregosse or Guillaume Hergosse and had a successful career. There is not much additional information concerning the details of his life
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Francisco Herrera the Elder

borndied
15901656
a distinguished Spanish painter, born at Seville. He was the founder of the Seville school. Herrera's finest paintings include "The Last Judgment" and a "Holy Family," both in churches at Seville. Others are in the Louvre, Paris. They exhibit boldness of execution with faultless technique. He is known as El viejo, "the elder," to distinguish him from his son...
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Cross-listed in Architects

Francisco Herrera the Younger

bornactivedied
16221650s-16851685, Aug 25
a Spanish painter and architect. He excelled in still life. He already painted bodegones, fish so cleverly done that the Romans called him lo Spagnuolo dei pesci ("the Spaniard of the Fish"). In 1656 he returned to Seville, founded the Seville Academy, and in 1660 became its sub-director under Bartolomé Esteban Murillo.
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Willem Herreyns

borndied
17431827
a Flemish painter of history subjects and portraits. He is regarded as one of the last painters in the tradition of the Flemish Baroque and the last follower of Peter Paul Rubens.
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Louis Hersent

borndied
1777, Mar 101860, Oct 2
a French painter He became a pupil of David, and obtained the Prix de Rome in 1797. In the Salon of 1802 he showed "Metamorphosis of Narcissus", and he continued to exhibit with rare interruptions up to 1831. In 1831 Hersent made his last appearance at the Salon with portraits of Louis Philippe, Marie Amélie and the duke of Montpensier; that of the king tho...
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Hermann Ottomar Herzog

borndied
18311932
a prominent nineteenth- and early twentieth-century European and American artist, primarily known for his landscapes. He is associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting.
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Gustavus Hesselius

borndied
16821755, May 25
a Swedish born painter who emigrated to the New World in 1711. He was the father of painter John Hesselius and cousin of the religious leader Emanuel Swedenborg. While most of his portraits adhere to the formality typical for American portrait painting of his t...
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John Hesselius

borndied
17281778
a portraitist who worked mostly in Virginia and Maryland. He was the son of the Swedish-born portraitist Gustavus Hesselius. John Hesselius worked "exclusively in the late English Baroque and English Rococo traditions, and always used oil on canvas." Hesselius' works often lack warmth, containing generic, repetitive facial features. His early portraits show ...
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Philipp Friedrich von Hetsch

borndied
1758, Sep 101839, Dec 31
a German painter. One focus of his training was the landscape painting. Hetsch one definitely still on the artists of classicism, though he never found a complete own style and in the shadow remained just as his French teacher Vien and Vernet. His work includes illustrations from the mythology as well as from the history and in the later pictures give Christ...
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Jacob de Heusch

borndied
16571701
a Dutch painter. He was Willem de Heusch's nephew, signing like his uncle, substituting an initial J for the initial G (of Guglielmo). He chiefly painted Italian harbour views. His pictures are now scarce. Two of his canvases, the "Ponte Rotto" at Rome, in the Brunswick Gallery, and a lake harbour with shipping in the Lichtenstein collection at Vienna, are d...
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Willem de Heusch

borndied
16251692
a Dutch landscape painter. The most important examples of Heusch are in the galleries of The Hague and Rotterdam, in the Belvedere at Vienna, the Städel at Frankfort and the Louvre. His pictures are signed with the full name, beginning with a monogram combining a G (for Guilliam or Guglielmo), D and H Heusch's etchings, of which thirteen are known, are also...
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Antoon van den Heuvel

aka: don Antonio
borndied
1600 ca1677, Aug 5
a Flemish history painter and draughtsman. He painted mainly religious scenes and portraits. He is usually regarded as a representative of the international Caravaggesque movement. His Lamentation in the Church of Borsbeke relies upon a painting by the Dutch Carravagist Gerard van Honthorst of the same subject for its composition and a number of motifs.
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Amasa Hewins

borndied
17951855
an American portrait, genre and landscape painter. He also exported fine paintings, antiques, and objet d'art from Italy to Boston during the 1850s, selling most of it through private dealers and at auctions in New York City and Boston.
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Jean Hey

aka: Hay, Master of Moulins
bornactivedied
unknown1470s-1500sunknown
now generally identified with the artist formerly known as the Master of Moulins, was an Early Netherlandish painter working in France and the Duchy of Burgundy, and associated with the court of the Dukes of Bourbon.
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Cross-listed in Sculptors

Jacob van der Heyden

borndied
15731645
a Flemish Baroque painter, sculptor and engraver. According to Houbraken he was a painter from Strasbourg who painted for royalty. He worked in Strasbourg, Frankfurt, and Sweden. and was known for portraits, landscapes and historical allegories. Most of his work that survives today are engravings. He died in Brussels.
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John Higton

borndied
17761827
an English animal painter, who exhibited at the Royal Academy of Arts. He was a friend of Edward Dayes and Thomas Campbell, and his patrons included Lord Sedley (Henry Venables-Vernon, 3rd Baron Vernon) and George Greville, 2nd Earl of Warwick
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Nicholas Hilliard

borndied
15471619
English goldsmith, limner, portrait miniature painteran English goldsmith and limner best known for his portrait miniatures of members of the courts of Elizabeth I and James I of England. He mostly painted small oval miniatures, but also some larger cabinet miniat...
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Cross-listed in Writers

Prince Hoare the Younger

borndied
17551834
an English painter and dramatist. Prince is a given name, not a royal title. Hoare was born in Bath, Prince Hoare was the son of painter William Hoare and his wife. He was named for the painter's brother, who was a sculptor. Prince studied art from an early age, also becoming a painter. He became well known for his portraits and historical scenes. Lat...
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William Hoare

borndied
1707?1792
an English portraitist, painter and printmaker. From circa 1740 to 1759, he was the leading oil Portraitist at Bath, Somerset, until the arrival in the town of Thomas Gainsborough. Noted for his pastels, he was a foundation member of the Royal Academy.
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Meindert Hobbema

borndied
16381709
a Dutch Golden Age landscape painter. Meindert Hobbema specialized in painting wooded landscapes inspired by the flat countryside of the eastern region of the Dutch Republic. Almost without exception Hobbema's subject matter was drawn from the heavily wooded landscape of the eastern Netherlands.
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Sylvester Phelps Hodgdon

borndied
18301906
a prolific American painter. Hodgdon lived in the Savin Hill section of Dorchester (part of Boston) and studied in the Boston area. He began as a portrait painter but by 1864 he was painting and exhibiting landscapes at The National Academy of Design. Hodgdon's work was also exhibited at the Boston Athenaeum and the Boston Art Club. He traveled throughout Ne...
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Joris Hoefnagel

borndied
15421600
a Flemish painter, printmaker, miniaturist, draftsman and merchant. He is noted for his illustrations of natural history subjects, topographical views, illuminations and mythological works. He was one of the last manuscript illuminators and made a major contribution to the development of topographical drawing. His manuscript illuminations and ornamental desi...
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Gerard Hoet

borndied
16481733
a Dutch Golden Age painter and engraver. In 1672 Hoet moved to The Hague, but when the Count of Salis bought paintings at his mother's house in Zaltbommel, Hoet returned to paint for him. Later, together with the painter Hendrik Schoock, in 1697 he asked the Utrecht city council for permission to found a drawing academy, which was granted.
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Cross-listed in ComposersLegal

Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann

aka: E. T. A. Hoffmann
borndied
17761822
a German Romantic author of fantasy and horror, a jurist, composer, music critic, draftsman and caricaturist. His stories form the basis of Jacques Offenbach's famous opera The Tales of Hoffmann, in which Hoffmann appears (heavily fictionalized) as the hero. He is also the author of the novella The Nutcracker and the Mouse King, on which the famous ballet Th...
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Cross-listed in Writers

William Hogarth [1]

borndied
16971764
an English painter, printmaker, pictorial satirist, social critic, and editorial cartoonist who has been credited with pioneering western sequential art. His work ranged from realistic portraiture to comic strip-like series of pictures called "modern moral subjects". Knowledge of his work is so pervasive that satirical political illustrations in this style a...
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Claude-Jean-Baptiste Hoin

borndied
17501817
a French artist known primarily for his portraits and landscapes. He worked in pastels for his portrait miniatures, and in gouache and engraving for his landscapes. He studied with François Devosge and Jean-Baptiste Greuze. He was a member of the Academy of the Sciences and Literature of Dijon (1776) and an honorary associate of the Royal Academy of Paintin...
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Hans Holbein the Elder

borndied
unknownunknown
a German painter. Holbein painted richly colored religious works. His later paintings show how he pioneered and led the transformation of German art from the (Late) International Gothic to the Renaissance style. In addition to the altar paintings that are his principal works, he was a woodcut artist, an illustrator of books, and a church window designer; he ...
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Hans Holbein the Younger

borndied
1497/981543
a German and Swiss artist and printmaker who worked in a Northern Renaissance style. He is best known as one of the greatest portraitists of the 16th century. He also produced religious art, satire, and Reformation propaganda, and made a significant contribution to the history of book design. He is called "the Younger" to distinguish him from his father, Han...
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James Holland

borndied
17991870
an English painter of flowers, landscapes, architecture and marine subjects, and book illustrator. He worked in both oils and watercolours and was a member of the Royal Watercolour Society.
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Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate

borndied
1622, Apr 181709, Feb 11
Louise Hollandine was a talented portrait painter and graphic artist, a talent that she shared with her brother, Prince Rupert. She was student of Gerard van Honthorst and painted so ably in his style that some of her works were attributed to him. For unknown reasons and to the dismay of her Protestant family, in December 1657 she fled to France and converte...
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Wenceslaus Hollar

borndied
16071677
a Bohemian etcher, known in England as Wenceslaus or Wenceslas and in Germany as Wenzel Hollar. He was born in Prague, and died in London, being buried at St Margaret's Church, Westminster. Hollar produced a variety of works; his plates number some 2740, and include views, portraits, ships, religious subjects, heraldic subjects, landscapes, and still life in...
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James Holworthy

borndied
17811841
a British watercolour artist. Some of Holworthy's art can be seen in the Tate Gallery. Holworthy exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1803 and 1804. In the latter year he was one of the foundation members of the Society of Painters in Water-colours, now known as the Royal Watercolour Society,and he contributed constantly to their exhibitions till 1813. His subj...
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Johann Evangelist Holzer

borndied
unknownunknown
an Austrian-German painter. He was sent to undertake a classical course of study at Marienberg Abbey, but wished to study art; a portrait he painted of Johann Baptist Murr, then the abbot of the abbey, convinced his father to yield to his wishes. He studied under Nikolaus Auer and made rapid progress. At the age of 18 he painted the altarpiece of the Marienb...
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Abraham Hondius

borndied
16251691
a Dutch Golden Age painter known his depictions of animals. He was the son of a city stonemason, Daniel Abramsz de Hondt. Hondius was born in Rotterdam and trained under Pieter de Bloot ( 1601–1658) and Cornelis Saftleven. He lived in Rotterdam until 1659 and moved then to Amsterdam. He moved to London in 1666, where he spent the rest of his life. Hondius ...
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Cross-listed in Cartographers

Jodocus Hondius

aka: Joost de Hondt
borndied
1563, Oct 141612, Feb 12
a Flemish engraver and cartographer. He is sometimes called Jodocus Hondius the Elder to distinguish him from his son Jodocus Hondius II. Hondius is best known for his early maps of the New World and Europe, for re-establishing the reputation of the work of Gerard Mercator, and for his portraits of Francis Drake. One of the notable figures in the Golden Age ...
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Gerard van Honthorst

aka: Gerrit, Gherardo delle Notti
borndied
15921656
a Dutch Golden Age painter. Early in his career he visited Rome, where he had great success painting in a style influenced by Caravaggio. Following his return to the Netherlands he became a leading portrait painter.
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Romeyn de Hooghe

borndied
16451708
an important and prolific late Dutch Baroque, painter, sculptor, engraver and caricaturist. He was skilled as an etcher, draughtsman, painter, sculptor and medalist. He is best known for political caricatures of Louis XIV and propagandistic prints supporting Willia...
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Master of Hoogstraeten

borndied
14751530
a Flemish Renaissance painter active in Antwerp. He was born in Hoogstraten and was possibly Passcier van der Mersch, a pupil of Hans Memling in 1483. He is known for religious works.
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Cross-listed in Writers

Samuel van Hoogstraten

borndied
16271678
a Dutch painter of the Golden Age, who was also a poet and author on art theory. A sufficient number of Van Hoogstraten's works has been preserved to show that he strove to imitate different styles at different times. In a portrait dated 1645, currently in the Lichtenstein collection in Vienna, he imitates more
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Jan Josef Horemans the Elder

borndied
16821759
an 18th-century painter from the Southern Netherlands. He was born in Antwerp and became the pupil of the painter Jan van Pee and the sculptor Michiel Frans van der Voort. He is known for portraits, genre works, and historical allegories. He died in Antwerp.
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Jan Josef Horemans the Younger

borndied
1714, Jan1792, Feb 9
an 18th-century Flemish painter. He is mainly known for his genre scenes but also painted harbor views, equestrian paintings, portraits and still lifes. Jan Josef Horemans became a master of the Guild of St Luke in Antwerp on 10 February 1767 and was dean of the Guild on two occasions (1768–9 and 1775–6). He was also a member of the Antwerp Academy. He w...
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Peter Jacob Horemans

borndied
17001776
a painter from the Southern Netherlands active in Germany. Horemans was born in Antwerp and was listed from 1716 until 1724 in the liggeren as the pupil of his older brother Jan Josef Horemans in the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke. In 1725 he moved to Munich where he painted for Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor, among others. He was a cousin or nephew of Franço...
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Gerard Horenbout

borndied
14651541
a Flemish miniaturist, a late example of the Flemish Primitives. He is "likely and widely accepted" to be the Master of James IV of Scotland. He also made stained glass, tapestries, embroidery designs, ironworks and panel painting.
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Lucas Horenbout

aka: Hornebolte
borndied
14551544
a Flemish artist who moved to England in the mid-1520s and worked there as "King's Painter" and court miniaturist to King Henry VIII from 1525 until his death. He was trained in the final phase of Netherlandish illuminated manuscript painting, in which his father ...
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Louise-Magdeleine Horthemels

aka: Louise-Madeleine Hortemels, Magdeleine Horthemels
borndied
16861767
a French engraver, the mother of Charles-Nicolas Cochin. She is also sometimes credited under her married name of Louise Madeleine Cochin or Madeleine Cochin. Horthemels was active in Paris as an engraver for nearly fifty years and produced more than sixty signed copper plates.
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Marie-Anne Horthemels

borndied
1682-1727unknown
a French engraver, wife of the King's engraver Nicolas-Henri Tardieu. Marie-Anne had a talent for engraving, and is known for her portraits of Cardinal de Bissy, Cardinal de Rohan and the Regent Philippe II, Duke of Orléans. The British Museum has an engraved portrait of James Francis Edward Stuart, the Old Pretender, after a painting by more
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Sir John Hoskins [2]

borndied
1589/901664, Feb
an English miniature painter, and the uncle of Samuel Cooper, who received his artistic education in Hoskins's Noble Mansion in England. Henrietta Maria of France by John Hoskins Hoskins was born in Wells England. His finest miniatures Royal & Noble painting are at Ham House ,Montagu House, Windsor Castle, Amsterdam and in the Pierpont Morgan collection and ...
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Michel Ange Houasse

borndied
16751730
a French painter, most of whose career was spent at the court of Philip V of Spain, who summoned him to the court in Madrid in 1715 whilst he was still Philip of Anjou. (Michel Ange had already trained in the studio of his father, René-Antoine Houasse.) Michel Ange produced many portraits of the Spanish royal family, including ones of the future king Louis ...
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Cross-listed in Writers

Arnold Houbraken

borndied
16601719
a Dutch painter and writer from Dordrecht, now remembered mainly as a biographer of artists from the Dutch Golden Age. He painted mythological and religious paintings, portraits and landscapes. His first attempt at an instructive manual for artists was his Emblem book, Inhoud van 't Sieraad der Afbeelding, which was meant as a guide of possible painti...
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Jacob Houbraken

borndied
16981780
a Dutch engraver and the son of the artist and biographer Arnold Houbraken (1660–1719), whom he assisted in producing a published record of the lives of artists from the Dutch Golden Age.
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Gerard Houckgeest

borndied
16001661
a Dutch Golden Age painter of architectural scenes and church interiors. He specialized in painting imaginary church interiors and renaissance buildings, and died in Bergen op Zoom. Some of his works now reside at the Mauritshuis.
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Jacob van Huchtenburg

borndied
16441675, Jan
Born in Haarlem, studied under Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem. In 1662 he went to Italy and stayed in Rome until 1667. On his way back to Holland he stayed in Paris for more than a year, where he probably met up with his brother Jan. In 1669 he joined the Haarlem artists' guild. His pictures are probably confounded with those of his brother. He became well-to-...
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Jan van Huchtenburg

borndied
16471733
a famous Dutch horse and battle painter, like Esaias van de Velde and Philip Wouwermans. He was first taught by Thomas Wijck. On his way to visit his brother in Rome, he may not have got further than Paris, where he served under Antony Francis van der Meulen in the Manufacture des Gobelins employing him for illustrating, sketching or designing.
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Paul Huet

borndied
18031869
a French painter and printmaker born in Paris. Huet's works, which include oil paintings, watercolors, etchings, and lithographs, are Romantic in feeling. He was unusual among French landscape painters in his use of watercolor for sketching as well as for finished works, which were often so richly developed that they resemble oil paintings. The vividness wi...
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Arthur Hughes

borndied
18321915
an English painter and illustrator associated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. His best-known paintings are April Love and The Long Engagement, both of which depict troubled couples contemplating the transience of love and beauty. They were inspired by more
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Abraham Hulk the Elder

borndied
1813, May 11897, Mar 23
an Anglo Dutch painter, drawer and lithographer.He became one of the well known marine painters of his time in the 19th century and with that the patriarch of a whole family of Anglo Dutch painters. He studied first to paint portraits under the portrait painter, Jean Augustin Daiwaille (1786–1850) and after that at the Rijksacademie in Amsterdam.
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Frans de Hulst

borndied
1610 ca1661
a Dutch Golden Age painter. According to the RKD he was a pupil of Pieter Mulier I and became a member of the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke in 1631. He is known for beach scenes and landscapes in the manner of Salomon van Ruysdael and Jan van Goyen.
Links (1)


Jan Baptist van der Hulst

borndied
17901862
a Flemish painter and lithographer. He painted numerous members of the royal family of the Netherlands, and was known for his work in history painting as well.
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Johann Erdmann Hummel

borndied
unknownunknown
a German painter. His work is characterized by a craftsman-like attention to detail and a scientific, almost pedantic, emphasis on exact linear perspective. While technically virtuosic, his style changed little over the years and tended to dryness.
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Ozias Humphry

aka: Humphrey
borndied
17421810
a leading English painter of portrait miniatures, later oils and pastels, of the 18th century. He was elected to the Royal Academy in 1791, and in 1792 he was appointed Portrait Painter in Crayons to the King (i.e. pastels).
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Andrew Hunt

borndied
17991861
an English landscape-painter. Hunt was an active member at the Liverpool Academy. He, David Cox and his son would go on painting trips where both friends would admire the precocious talents of his son, Alfred William Hunt. Hunt was unwilling to let his son to become an artist and arranged for him to join Oxford University where he eventually read classics. H...
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William Henry Hunt

borndied
17901864
an English watercolour painter. Hunt was one of the creators of the English school of watercolour painting. His subjects, especially those of his later life, are extremely simple; but, by the delicacy, humour and fine power of their treatment, they rank second to works of the highest art only. Considered technically, his works exhibit all the resources of th...
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William Holman Hunt

bornactivedied
1827, Apr 21847-19051910, Sep 7
an English painter and one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. His paintings were notable for their great attention to detail, vivid colour and elaborate symbolism. These features were influenced by the writings of John Ruskin and more
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William Morris Hunt

borndied
18241879
an American painter, was born at Brattleboro, Vermont to Jane Maria (Leavitt) Hunt and Hon. Jonathan Hunt, who raised one of the preeminent families in American art. William Morris Hunt was the leading painter of mid-19th-century Boston, Massachusetts.
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Cross-listed in Writers

Anna Maria Hussey

borndied
1805, Jun 51853, Aug 26
a British mycologist, writer, and illustrator. In the 1840s, she contributed writings (possibly including a romantic serial) to The Surplice, a magazine edited by her husband. She also wrote at least one less romantic story, called 'Matrimony', for Frazer's Magazine — but all these pieces were anonymous, following the conventions of the time. At the same t...
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Cross-listed in GovernanceWritersInventors

Constantijn Huygens Jr.

aka: Lord of Zuilichem
borndied
16281697
a Dutch statesman and poet, mostly known for his work on scientific instruments (sometimes in conjunction with his younger brother Christiaan Huygens). But, he was also a chronicler of his times, revealing the importance of gossip. Besides he was an amateur...
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Pieter Huys

borndied
15191584
a Flemish Renaissance painter. Little is known of his early life, and though he was mostly active in Antwerp, his place of birth and death is not certain. According to the RKD he became a master in the Antwerp Guild of St. Luke in 1545, and his last dated work is from 1577. He is known as a follower of Jheronimus Bosch.
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Cornelis Huysmans

aka: Corneille, Cornelius, Corneille de Malines
borndied
1648, Mar1727, Jun 1
a Flemish painter. He was the brother of Jan-Baptist Huysmans (1654–1716). He painted woodside views with fancy backgrounds, half Italian, half Flemish, and he painted with great facility, and left numerous examples behind.
Links (1)

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